منابع مشابه
Energy–Momentum Tensor for the Electromagnetic Field in a Dielectric
The total momentum of a thermodynamically closed system is unique, as is the total energy. Nevertheless, there is continuing confusion concerning the correct form of the momentum and the energy–momentum tensor for an electromagnetic field interacting with a linear dielectric medium. Here we investigate the energy and momentum in a closed system composed of a propagating electromagnetic field an...
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The microscopic and the macroscopic (phenomenological) approach to the electromagnetic theory in matter can be looked upon as complementary to each other. In view of the complexity of the deductive microscopic approach it is desirable to use experimental information to test the predictions of the more simple macroscopic theory. The purpose of the present paper is to review and give the theory o...
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As interest in photonic crystals and metamaterials expands, it is becoming increasingly clear that these materials often exhibit strong spatial dispersion. Understanding spatial dispersion and its consequences is essential to understanding these materials. It has long been known that temporal dispersion alters the expression for the electromagnetic energy density of a material. Similarly, it is...
متن کاملEnergy-Momentum tensor on foliations
In this paper, we give a new lower bound for the eigenvalues of the Dirac operator on a compact spin manifold. This estimate is motivated by the fact that in its limiting case a skew-symmetric tensor (see Equation (1.6)) appears that can be identified geometrically with the O’Neill tensor of a Riemannian flow, carrying a transversal parallel spinor. The Heisenberg group which is a fibration ove...
متن کاملThe Energy-Momentum Tensor for Cosmological Perturbations
We study the effective energy-momentum tensor (EMT) for cosmological perturbations and formulate the gravitational back-reaction problem in a gauge invariant manner. We analyze the explicit expressions for the EMT in the cases of scalar metric fluctuations and of gravitational waves and derive the resulting equations of state. The formalism is applied to investigate the back-reaction effects in...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General
سال: 2002
ISSN: 0305-4470
DOI: 10.1088/0305-4470/35/43/314